Reproductive health is, undoubtedly, a crucial basis for a healthy progeny. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Polycystic Ovarian Disorder and their accompanying symptoms question this possibility. Also known as PCOS or PCOD in short, is a hormonal disorder that affects women, generally in the reproductive age group. While an early diagnosis can help in better managing the syndrome and its symptoms, most women do not take an ultrasound until it is too late. Those suffering from these require the constant support and empathy of their companions. This article aims to spread awareness about this disorder by offering a clearer idea of the ordeals a woman diagnosed with PCOS or PCOD has to endure.
PCOD or Polycystic Ovarian Disorder is often considered equivalent to PCOS. However, the truth is quite contrary. PCOD is caused due to hormonal imbalance while PCOS is a metabolic and an endocrine disorder. PCOD is more widespread than PCOS. It is less severe than PCOS, and those diagnosed with the former are less likely to have infertility issues than the latter. What causes either condition remains unknown and are accompanied by an excessive release of androgens, the male hormones, formation of cysts in the ovaries and irregular menstrual cycles.
The eggs in the ovaries remain immature and fail to trigger ovulation. The lack of ovulation alters the levels of hormones like estrogen, progesterone, FSH, and LH and consequently results in disarrayed menstrual cycles. Estrogen and progesterone levels tend to be lower than usual, while androgen levels are higher, which results in irregular periods. Despite being incurable, the management of both conditions involves having a proper diet plan and a regular exercise schedule in place.
Let’s discuss the domestic issues faced by the people suffering from these disorders:
As mentioned, there are many practices one can adopt to alleviate these severe health issues. Both cases, being essentially lifestyle disorders, can be assuaged by measures such as losing weight, eating a healthy diet that is free of processed and junk food, and exercising regularly. These practices have shown tremendous improvements. Birth control pills and diabetes drugs are also known to remedy the hormonal imbalance. Although the side effects of the pills can be unpleasant, to say the least. All these are easier said than done, especially since the pandemic has confined us all to our homes.
From having to deal with periods that go on for more than a month to having to deal with periods that come after a few months, it is undoubtedly a struggle for those diagnosed. Not to mention the menstrual cramps, acne, and mood swings that accompany these inconsistent cycles. Those with PCOS/PCOD also have hirsutism or simply, excessive hair growth. There is a lot of hair growth in unexpected areas - face, chest, back, and belly. Being swayed by the conventional beauty standards, those putting up with these disorders turn to painful procedures like waxing, laser treatment, and electrolysis for hair removal. This condition also lowers the haemoglobin level in the body and leads to fatigue or anemia. Conditions like sleep apnea and endometrial cancer can also be hazardous effects of these disorders.
People with PCOS are twice as likely as those without the condition to deliver their baby prematurely. They also face a greater risk of miscarriage, high blood pressure, and gestational diabetes. The constant imbalance of the hormones leads to high chances of depression, along with the low self-esteem caused by the symptoms like hirsutism and weight-gain. This further contributes to the stress and frustration that disturbs mental peace as well. On reaching marriageable age, the pressure on women with PCOS/PCOD to conceive a child can also be unbearable at times.
The maintenance of menstrual hygiene is of utmost importance, particularly when one’s periods tend to stretch for longer durations. The most commonly chosen menstrual hygiene products are pads and tampons. However, their use is not medically recommended in the long run. Their usage leaves the genitalia exposed to soaked up blood, which can cause rashes. Being excessively in use, they contribute to environmental pollution as well. Therefore, it is the need of the hour to switch to sustainable choices like menstrual cups and cloth pads.
There is very little awareness and even lesser understanding when it comes to these disorders (especially in a patriarchal society). The stigmas, lack of education, and awareness of such disorders can be a nightmare for women going through this journey. A compassionate and accepting society is imperative in helping them to better navigate through this disorder in a holistic and healthy way.
- Sumol S Penurkar (_.the4leafclover._)
Dhyuthy Krishna Kumar ( _dotty_diaries_)
(cover image courtesy: theconversation.com)
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